Two Tongues, One Thought: A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Code Switching and Code Mixing as Verbal Empowerment in the Department of English at Ghazi University Pakistan

Abstract

This research article investigates the phenomenon of code-switching and code-mixing between English and Urdu among BS English 5th-semester students at Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan. This sociolinguistic research focuses on the quantity and situational usage of bilingual speech in both academic classroom environments and student peer conversations. Similarly the research emphasizes academic functions and student-held perceptions of bilingual language use. The study used qualitative case study methods to gather information through observations of teaching sessions combined with observational coding of 60 chosen students through purposive sampling technique. Thematic analysis demonstrated that students use code-switching together with code-mixing capabilities as intentional strategies instead of linguistic limitations to improve their comprehension and strengthen their identity expression and emotional display while handling interpersonal relationships. All research evidence illustrates that bilingual academic practices depend on their contexts while functioning as practical and socially relevant tools. The study enhances understanding of multilingual learning environments by providing practical guidance for teachers and curriculum professionals who devise language policies for bilingual college students.

Keywords: Code-switching, code-mixing, bilingualism, sociolinguistics, English-Urdu, university students, classroom discourse