A Comparative Corpus-Based Analysis Of Discourse Markers Used By Male And Female Writers In The Forty Rules Of Love By Elif Shafak And The Kite Runner By Khalid Hosseini
Mr. Saqib Mahmood
MPhil scholar at Kohat University of Science & Technology, KUST, Kohat, KP, Pakistan
Dr. Said Imran
Assistant Professor, Department of English, Kohat University of Science & Technology KUST Kohat, KP, Pakistan
Dr. Syed Sabih-Ul-Hassan
Assistant Professor, Department of English, Kohat University of Science & Technology KUST, Kohat, KP, Pakistan.
Abstract
This study is a corpus-based study of the comparison between male and female writers specifically Khalid Hosseini and Elif Shafak. The specified text for this corpus-based study is ‘The Kite Runner’ by Khalid Hosseini (male) and ‘The Forty Rules of Love’ by Elif Shafak (female). It is believed that females use more discourse markers than males. It is also believed that as far as the linguistic behaviour of the male is concerned, males are characterized by less use of discourse markers in language. In contrast, the female is concerned, the female uses more discourse markers as meaningless fillers than males. The data for corpus analysis is taken as the text in a machine-readable format that is TXT. The data for this research includes the text of two writings, one by a male writer (Khalid Hosseini) and another by a female writer (Elif Shafak). These two novels include ‘The Kite Runner’ by Khalid Hosseini (male) and ‘The Forty Rules of Love’ by Elif Shafak (female). These novels are first downloaded in pdf format and then converted in the xxx.txt format that can be used as input for AntConc (a corpus software). The present research is done by using the software ‘Ant Conc.’ because this is appropriate corpus software that the researcher has used it easily and have the appropriate results.
Keywords- Comparative Corpus-Based Analysis, Discourse Markers, Male, Female Forty Rules,Elif Shafak, Kite Runner & Khalid Hosseini
