THE INTERPLAY OF RELIGION, CULTURE, AND DEVIANCE: A CORRELATIONAL STUDY OF PREDICTIVE RELATIONSHIPS

Abstract

This thesis examines the intricate interplay between religious convictions, cultural norms, and deviant behavior, employing a mixed-methods approach to explore their influence on moral reasoning and behavioral outcomes. The quantitative study (Study 1) employed a correlational design with a convenience sampling strategy, and data were collected from 185 participants. Religious Commitment Inventory (RC-10), Cultural Proficiency Belief Inventory, and Deviant Behaviour Variety Scale were used to measure Religious Commitment, Cultural Norms, and Deviant Behaviour. Results strongly revealed positive correlations between religious commitment and Deviant Behaviour (r = .65, p < .001), Cultural norms and Deviant Behaviour (r = .26, p = .009). Both religious convictions and cultural norms served as significant predictors of Deviant Behaviour (R² = .48). Gender differences were notable, with males exhibiting higher deviance (Cohen’s d = 0.65). The qualitative study (Study 2) involved a purposive sampling strategy. Participant-led interviews were conducted with four subject matter experts, identifying ten superordinate themes, including the theoretical foundations of deviance, interpretive complexity, and the dual nature of deviance as both constructive and destructive. Findings suggest that rigid or misinterpreted religious and cultural frameworks can legitimize deviance, particularly when norms are imposed rather than internalized. The research challenges assumptions that religiosity inherently deters deviance, highlighting the role of contextual interpretation and socialization. Implications call for culturally sensitive interventions and moral education emphasizing critical reflection to address deviant behavior effectively